Every project is different but there are some typical project phases that occur regularly. The matrix below describes the objectives, activities, inputs, and outputs for each. Pro

Project Phases

Phases are not typically discrete or sequential. It should be expected that some or many of the phases overlap with efforts progressing in parallel. Below is an example of how a project could evolve.

• Project planning occurs throughout the project
• Research may occur before or after concept generation. It may also occur before or after the scope of work is created depending on the technology involved. At times results from a prototype may initiate another phase of research.
• Engineering analysis occurs throughout, from concept generation to design freeze.
• Manufacturing support can begin at the onset of a project or as late as after design freeze.
• Change control, depending on its complexity, could become a new project in itself, starting you back at project scope and planning.

 Project Sequence

Project planning for a creative process is best done as a rolling wave. Initial project planning should focus on large objectives and be structured for flexibility. The manager continuously monitors progress and redirects efforts accordingly.